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INSTRUCTORS:
Purpose and Background
Water hammer (also known as hydraulic transients) can cause sudden failures in water transmission and distribution systems. It can also be a problem in sewer force mains. The problems are typically associated with very high pressures but can also create vacuum conditions in sewer force mains and some transmission lines.
This course will cover the primary causes of hydraulic transients. It will present the basic partial differential equations associated with transients but is not a theoretical course in partial differential equations. The course will explore the use of one software package in analyzing hydraulic transients and discuss the important parameters necessary for the analysis.
This course will also cover a wide variety of methods to mitigate transients from an operational perspective. It will also cover a variety of devices which can be used to reduce transient pressures to more manageable values.
Benefits and Learning Outcomes
Benefits
- Understand the basic concepts behind water hammer
- Understand the most common ways that transients are formed in water systems and sewer force mains.
- Understand how changes to pump starting and stopping procedures can reduce the frequency and magnitude of water hammer impacts.
- Understand how variable frequency drives can mitigate water hammer impacts and save energy costs
- Understand how various devices can mitigate water hammer impacts.
- Understand how software can be used to model hydraulic transients.
Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:
- Describe how water hammer is formed
- Explain how to minimize water hammer by proper pump operation.
- Identify what devices can be used to mitigate water hammer from different sources
Assessment of Learning Outcomes
Students' achievement of the learning outcomes will be assessed via a short post-assessment (true-false, multiple choice and fill in the blank questions).
Who Should Attend?
This course is for anyone involved with the design or operation of water systems or sewer force mains where pumps or electric valves are used. This includes design engineers, plant operators and other operations personnel. The course is technical in nature but detailed mathematical solutions are not required.
Outline
- General introduction to transients
- Causes of transients
- How fast they move through the system (wave speed)
- Magnitude of pressures
- How different pipe materials impact the magnitude of the pressures
- Modeling transients with computer software (including results from examples)
- Transient issues with low pressure systems (like sewer force mains)
- Limiting transients through design
- Limiting transients through operation
- Devices to limit transients
- Pressure relief valves
- Air/vacuum valves
- Surge anticipation valves
- Pressure tanks
- Storage tanks (within the system)
How to Earn your CEUs/PDHs and Receive Your Certificate of Completion
To receive your certificate of completion, you will need to complete a short on-line post-test and receive a passing score of 70% or higher within 365 days of the course purchase.
How do I convert CEUs to PDHs?
1.0 CEU = 10 PDHs [Example: 0.1 CEU = 1 PDH]